ASTM E328-2002 材料和结构件的应力松弛试验

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforStressRelaxationTestsforMaterialsandStructures
【原文标准名称】:材料和结构件的应力松弛试验
【标准号】:ASTME328-2002
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2002
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:E28.04
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:bendingrelaxation;bolting;compressionrelaxation;hoopstresses;riveting;springs;stressrelaxation;tensionrelaxation;torsionrelaxation
【摘要】:Relaxationtestdataarenecessarywhendesigningmostmechanicallyfastenedjointstoassurethepermanenttightnessofboltedorrivetedassemblies,pressorshrink-fitcomponents,rolled-intubes,etc.Otherapplicationsincludepredictingthedecreaseinthetightnessofgaskets,inthehoopstressofsolderlesswrappedconnections,intheconstrainingforceofsprings,andthestabilityofwiretendonsinprestressedconcrete.Theabilityofamaterialtorelaxathigh-stressconcentrationssuchasarepresentatnotches,inclusions,cracks,holes,fillets,etc.,maybepredictedfromstressrelaxationdata.Suchtestdataarealsousefultojudgetheheat-treatmentconditionnecessaryforthethermalreliefofresidualinternalstressesinforgings,castings,weldments,machinedorcold-workedsurfaces,etc.Thetestsoutlinedinthesemethodsarelimitedtoconditionsofapproximatelyconstantconstraintandenvironment.Thetestresultsarehighlysensitivetosmallchangesinenvironmentalconditionsandthusrequireprecisecontroloftestconditionsandmethods.Thereproducibilityofdatawilldependonthemannerwithwhichalltestconditionsarecontrolled.Theeffectsofagingorresidualstressmaysignificantlyaffectresults,asmayvariationsinmaterialcomposition.Note18212;Themethodoftestingforthestressrelaxationofplasticshasbeenwithdrawnfromthisstandard,andtheresponsibilityhasbeentransferredtoPracticeD2991.1.1Thesetestmethodscoverthedeterminationofthetimedependenceofstress(stressrelaxation)inmaterialsandstructuresunderconditionsofapproximatelyconstantconstraint,constantenvironment,andnegligiblevibration.Intheproceduresrecommended,thematerialorstructureisinitiallyconstrainedbyexternallyappliedforces,andthechangeintheexternalforcenecessarytomaintainthisconstraintisdeterminedasafunctionoftime.1.2Specificmethodsforconductingstressrelaxationtestsonmaterialssubjectedtotension,compression,bendingandtorsionstressesaredescribedinPartsA,B,C,andD,respectively.Thesetestmethodsalsoincluderecommendationsforthenecessarytestingequipmentandfortheanalysisofthetestdata.1.3Itisrecognizedthatthelongtimeperiodsrequiredforthesetypesoftestsareoftenunsuitedforroutinetestingorforspecificationinthepurchaseofmaterial.However,thesetestsarevaluabletoolsinobtainingpracticaldesigninformationonthestressrelaxationofmaterialssubjectedtotheconditionsenumerated,andininvestigationsofthefundamentalbehaviorofmaterials.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:19_020
【页数】:13P.;A4
【正文语种】: